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Market Outlook

A Hawkish Cut

12/17/2024

A Hawkish Cut

As expected the Fed cut interest rates by 0.25% bringing the Fed Funds rate to 4.25% to 4.5% To be sure, this is a hawkish cut. The S&P 500 gave up its gains of 0.5% and has dropped 1.5% in a reversal as has the Nasdaq Composite, down a full 2% to 19,703.

The 10-year treasury yield has shot to 4.5%, a harbinger of how the markets believe that the Feds will have to pay more to finance the deficit, with analysts even talking of 5% – a rate seen last October.

The hawkishness stems from the FOMC Median 2025 PCE Inflation Forecast, which rises to 2.5% vs 2.1%

The median forecast of Fed policymakers for the benchmark rate for the end of next year is now 3.9%. That compares with 3.4% back in September. That suggests 50 basis points of easing compared with 100 basis points in September (including the impact of today’s rate cut).

Today’s cut means policymakers have now lowered their benchmark lending rate by a full percentage point since mid-September. The median estimate of Fed officials now sees just two cuts next year. Most folks were expecting three in the forecast.

Fed officials are tipping an unemployment rate of 4.3% next year a shade higher than the current 4.2%. Chair Powell in the conference that followed stressed that he wanted to ensure that labor markets didn’t get derailed when asked about the need to cut.

The Fed’s policy statement also alluded to a slower pace of cuts by saying “the extent and timing” of additional adjustments would depend on the outlook. This too was stressed in the conference that it would always be new data that would matter.

The neutral rate discussed (the rate at which the economy is neither inflationary nor disinflationary) is now 3%, higher than the original 2%, which the Feds were hoping to achieve by 2024, now highly unlikely before 2027.

Given the strength in the economy, with the GDP at 2.8% and projected to grow above 2% next year, a strong labor market with an unemployment rate of only 4.2%, this is not a bad call and regardless of how the market reacted, the caution to cut slower in 2025 is warranted in my opinion.

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Market Outlook

Positives And Concerns About The Trump Presidency


I’m sure you’ve been inundated with opinions on domestic politics, which is not usually a subject of this investing group. But politics is likely to affect our investment decisions so a note highlighting its impact on business is important.

So far, at, 5,994 the S&P 500 is up 5% from the Nov 4th close of 5,713, and from the forecasts of the likes of Goldman Sachs – we should be crossing 6,300 easily in 2025. Other forecasts have higher targets and we are seeing some of the traditional post-election bounce, a lot of short covering, lower volatility, FOMO, and so on…. It is a good time to be invested now.

There are a few policy areas that will affect equities.

Taxes – A big positive: The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was due to expire on December 31, 2025. It lowered corporate and business income taxes, which was a big positive. The Biden administration was lining up a new set of “tax the rich” proposals, which are now dead. Given the proclivity of the new administration, we should see lower taxes.

Tariffs – A big negative: but could be mitigated: THESE WILL BE HIGHLY INFLATIONARY
The Trump administration could impose tariffs at will by executive order, which is disastrously high. As part of an overall policy to rebalance trade with nations such as China, the tariffs will try to level the playing field.
According to some of the administration’s policy papers, which are part of Project 2025, – granting MFN (Most Favored Nation) status seems to have resulted in chronic U.S. trade deficits with much of the rest of the world, at the expense of American manufacturing; an unfair practice with systemic trade imbalances serving as a brake on GDP growth and capping real wages in the American economy while encumbering the U.S. with significant foreign debt.
This administration will point out China’s quest for global dominance, via protectionism, dumping, and so on, which though debatable, will be the bedrock of its tariff policies. (Who doesn’t love China bashing) The US is on the back foot regarding manufacturing and regardless of whether it is even feasible to reverse overseas manufacturing – this administration will go after it with a vengeance and tariffs will be their biggest tool to get manufacturing jobs back in the US. Tariffs ranging as high as 60% on Chinese goods, a 20% blanket tariff on all imports, and a 100% tariff on automobiles made in Mexico are possible impositions. THESE WILL BE HIGHLY INFLATIONARY
Regardless of the eventual tariffs, they’re bad for some of America’s biggest companies such as Apple (AAPL), Nvidia (NVDA), and Microsoft (MSFT) that rely on Chinese manufacturing for hardware products.
When Trump first imposed tariffs on Chinese goods, he made exceptions for certain consumer goods such as smartphones. Whether that will happen again is unclear.
Besides, we have not even talked about retaliation from global competitors to whom America exports goods and services.
Even as I anticipate tariffs to be a big negative, I’m hoping that wiser counsel prevails or perhaps the stock markets will swoon, which is reportedly a huge factor in this administration’s decisions, and not something they can control. Ironically, a stock market swoon may be the biggest reason for keeping tariffs under control.

Export controls: Some of it is already happening and is unlikely to get worse.

US technology with military applications is already banned from export. But if all exports of US-designed and engineered semiconductors, even those for consumer applications are banned it would hurt Apple, Nvidia, and Microsoft. But it would also hurt the trade imbalance that the Trump administration seeks to correct. Very unlikely.

ASML’s (ASML) EUV lithography machines could be a target if the Dutch government complies with restricting sales to allied countries such as Korea, Taiwan, and Japan. Again, unlikely.

Antitrust regulation: Positive for the markets – Under Biden, the government had lurched left, even trying to emulate the EU’s Digital Markets Act. The new administration will likely curtail some of the regulatory excesses, but we’ll have to wait and see if they try to undo recent antitrust litigation against Google (GOOG) and Apple.

Environment, energy, and inflation: More domestic drilling could be a positive, as more domestic oil reduces the need for imports, lowers gas prices, and could result in lower inflation. Its too early to comment on environmental policies and I’ll update at a later date.

Mass DeportationHighly inflationary, when one finds it difficult to fill jobs that Americans are not willing to do. Again – I believe it to be more rhetoric and not likely to be administered en masse, I suspect this could be cosmetic.

For sure, we live in interesting times and the next 4 years should be a roller coaster.

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Market Outlook

July PCE Inline

Inflation monthly report for July as expected, YoY gain slightly better.

  • July Core PCE Price Index: +0.2% M/M vs. +0.2% consensus and +0.2% prior.
  • +2.6% Y/Y vs. +2.7% consensus and +2.6% prior.
  • PCE Price Index: +0.2% M/M vs. +0.2% consensus and +0.1% prior.
  • +2.5% Y/Y vs. +2.5% consensus and +2.5% prior.
  • Personal income: +0.3% M/M vs. +0.2% consensus and +0.2% prior.
  • Personal outlays: +0.5% M/M vs. +0.5% consensus and +0.3% prior.
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Retail Stocks

Dollar General Drop May Not Be Enough

Dollar General (DG) (Retail) $87 – Down 30% on weaker than expected numbers, avoid till we see some improvement.

Dollar General’s growth has been tepid at 4%, which is not surprising given its customer base that is highly exposed to inflation – their core customers are financially constrained. But what is even more worrying is that comparables or same store sales growth (best measure for retail/restaurant chains) was a even lower 0.5%. Perhaps the brains trust should not have been expanding stores in a difficult environment. That has hit profitability – down 20% as well.

  • Rising competition from Walmart, Aldi, and ultra-low-cost brands like Temu further challenges DG’s business model, especially in non-food categories.
  • Sentiment indicators suggest that sentiment for the poorest third of Americans is at levels we saw during the bottom of the Great Financial Crisis – not a good place to be.
  • Is the 30% drop enough? Guidance doesn’t seem to suggest so – The company sees net sales growth between 4.7%-5.3%,  down from previous expectations of 6.0%-6.7% growth. Same-store sales are expected to grow by no more than 1.6% – adjusted 1.1% lower. . 
  • The other problem with DG is that even on a historical 10 year the stock has returned only 38%, so you have to be really careful about buying it at the right price. I would wait to see some improvement.
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Market Outlook

July CPI Report 

CPI rises 0.2% M/M in July, as expected, core CPI increase also in line 

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  • July Consumer Price Index:  
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  • +0.2% M/M vs. +0.2% expected and -0.1% prior. 
  • +2.9% Y/Y vs. +3.0% expected and +0.3% prior. 
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  • Core CPI, which excludes food and energy:  
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  • +0.2% M/M vs. +0.2% expected and +0.1% in June. 
  • +3.2% Y/Y vs. +3.2% expected and +3.3% prior. 

The 10 Year is at 3.87%, up from 3.84, futures are flat. I suspect that after the benign PPI report yesterday, perhaps there were expectations of even lower CPI growth. 

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Market Outlook

June PCE Report 

Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Numbers for June 2024  

The numbers are fairly benign. 

PCE 0.1% MoM as expected 

PCE 2.6% YoY V 2.5% expected. 

Core PCE 0.2% MoM as expected, and 2.6% YoY as expected. 

Revisions – minor 

No surprises, the S&P 500 futures are up 0.86%, Nasdaq Comp up 1%. The 10 year is down to 2.23%. 

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Market Outlook

Inflation Cools: June CPI Drops, Core Rate Eases to 3.3% Year-over-Year

CPI continues to cool in June, with core Y/Y rate easing to +3.3%

  • June Consumer Price Index: -0.1% M/M vs. +0.1% expected and 0.0% in May.
  • +3.0% Y/Y vs. +3.1% expected and +3.3% prior.
  • Core CPI (excludes food and energy): +0.1% M/M vs. +0.2% expected and +0.2% prior.
  • +3.3% Y/Y vs. 3.5% expected and +3.4% prior.

The 10-year yield has dropped to 4.27% and S&P 500 futures are up 0.3%.

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Market Outlook

Title: PCE for May 2024

Headline, core PCE inflation ease in May, as expected

Headline – May PCE Price Index: +0.0% M/M vs. +0.0% consensus and +0.3% in April.

+2.6% Y/Y vs. +2.6% expected and +2.7% prior.

Core – PCE Price Index: +0.1% vs. +0.1% expected and +0.3% prior (revised from +0.2%).

+2.6% Y/Y vs. +2.6% expected and +2.8% prior.

10-year treasury yield lower at 4.276%

S&P 500 Futures up 0.4%

Breadth in the market was better the past few days, hopefully with these inflation numbers the broader rally should continue.

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Market Outlook

Savita Subramanian on the state of the markets

A Summary of Barron ’s interview with Savita Subramanian – head of U.S. equity and quantitative strategies at BofA Securities

Definitely one of the smarter strategists on Wall Street with a lot of prescient calls, especially being one of the first to raise the S&P 500 2024 target to 5,400, a level we passed yesterday.

https://www.barrons.com/articles/large-companies-value-stocks-market-rally-subramanian-21f7c4c2?mod=hp_LEADSUPP_1

“If I were going to buy one kind of investment for the next 12 to 24 months, it would be large-cap value. That’s where you’re going to get the most bang for your buck. That’s what will lead over the next few years, given the macro environment.” 

“At the beginning of the year, it was much easier to be bullish because there were a lot more bears. And at this point, I feel like a lot of the bears have capitulated.”

“I’m not worried about equities from a valuation perspective because these multiples are sustainable.”  “Inflation volatility has subsided. This is where clients probably disagree with me the most, but I feel that what the Fed does now is less important because it has already done the extreme process of hiking.”

I agree with this to a great extent – interest rate cuts, higher for longer, neutral interest rates have a marginal impact. Directionally, the 10 year is moving lower, and except for shelter inflation, which has a variable called “notional rent” (A computed number based on what you would pay if you were renting your home today), a majority of other indicators have been moving lower.

​​” Until we get to that moment where the Fed says we’re at peak rates, inflation is coming down, and we can be more accommodative, you want to hold inflation-protected sectors such as energy, materials, and financials. These are more cyclical than defensive sectors.”

“When we were in more of an inflationary environment, we wrote about how the best environment for equities was 2% to 4% inflation. That’s where we are right now. The best environment for equities is when real wage growth is positive and nominal sales growth is at reasonable levels.”

A somewhat Goldilocks scenario…

“But I am surprised by how narrow the market has become. I would have expected a broadening out to have happened earlier.” “The earnings of the mega cap tech cohort are so high that we are more likely to see a deceleration than an acceleration. Another reason to expect a broadening out is that we got positive guidance across the board, and not just from tech companies, during first-quarter earnings season.”

“I like a mix of companies that are generating strong free cash flow and enjoying the benefits of this tech revolution, but also companies that are potentially becoming more labor light. If you think about the areas that could benefit from generative artificial intelligence, it’s banks, legal services, and IT [information technology] services.”

“And if you think about cash flow, it isn’t just tech but also utilities, power, infrastructure, and energy companies that are generating substantial amounts of cash. Some are exciting, and some are boring. But they are mostly big. That’s where I differ from a lot of other bulls. I don’t think you want to buy all small-caps, because while some of them are economically sensitive and will benefit from better gross-domestic-product growth in the U.S., others are morphing into smaller-cap companies because they used to be large.”

So be selective, the devil is in the details – cash flow, operational performance are paramount regardless of small, big, value, boring, tech – BUY THE BUSINESS, Buffet style..

When asked about the election – “The fact that both candidates agree that they want to bring back manufacturing from China and other regions of the world to the U.S. has created more jobs. While these policies are protectionist and inflationary, they are also pro-growth.”

“Right now is the most interesting time to be a market strategist, in my opinion. We’re back to a more rational market. When we were in a zero-interest-rate, massive-stimulus-driven market, it was hard to forecast what would happen next. Events were in the hands of central bankers.” “The outlook depends less on central bankers, and more on corporations and consumers.”

Its a very practical approach, and its folks like Savita, who are instrumental in allocating investment capital – this is not a theoretical, economists top down approach, which at the end of day is much less influential/meaningful for investors.

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Market Outlook

May’s CPI cools more than expected, with core CPI rising 3.4% Y/Y

  • May Consumer Price Index: 0.0% vs. +0.1% expected and +0.3% in April.
  • +3.3% Y/Y vs. +3.4% expected and +3.4% prior.
  • Core CPI: +0.2% vs. +0.3% expected and +0.3% prior.
  • +3.4% Y/Y vs. +3.5% expected and +3.6% in April.

These are better than expected numbers and Futures are up 0.7% and the 10 year treasury is down 14 basis points to 4.3%